10 Wonders of the World You Don’t Know

原文：10 Wonders of the World You Don’t Know

译文：你所不知的世界十大美景

While most of these wonders will be known to a few people, they are, on the whole, not as well known as the famous “seven wonders”. Despite that, each has a reason for being considered wonderful and deserves its spot on this list. Enjoy the list and be sure to share other lesser-known wonders in the comments.

以下这些美景只为少数人所知，总的来说他们不能与著名的“七大奇迹”其名。除去这一点之外，他们每一个都是非常美丽而且值得上榜的。享受榜单上的美景，还有就是在评论中与我们分享其他鲜为人知的美景。

10

Banaue Rice Terraces

Philippines

巴纳韦梯田 菲律宾

The Banaue Rice Terraces are 2000-year old terraces that were carved into the mountains of Ifugao in the Philippines by ancestors of the indigenous people. The Rice Terraces are commonly referred to by Filipinos as the “Eighth Wonder of the World”. It is commonly thought that the terraces were built with minimal equipment, largely by hand. The terraces are located approximately 1500 meters (5000 ft) above sea level and cover 10,360 square kilometers (about 4000 square miles) of mountainside. They are fed by an ancient irrigation system from the rainforests above the terraces. It is said that if the steps are put end to end it would encircle half the globe. Locals to this day still plant rice and vegetables on the terraces. The result is the gradual erosion of the characteristic “steps”, which need constant reconstruction and care.

巴纳韦梯田有着2000年的历史，它被原住民的祖先们雕刻到了伊富高山上。巴纳韦梯田一般被菲律宾人称作世界“世界第八大奇迹”。一般认为，这个梯田主要是徒手修建的。它位于海拔1500米（5000英尺）上，而且覆盖了10360平方公里（4000平方英里）的土地。它由来自上层雨林的古代浇灌系统提供供水。据说如果每一层首尾相连的话会有半个地球周长那么长。当地人今日仍用这块梯田来进行水稻和蔬菜的种植。结果就是那些阶梯在逐渐的消失，这需要经常对其进行维护。

9

Sigiriya

Sri Lanka

锡吉里耶 斯里兰卡

Sigiriya (Lion’s rock) is an ancient rock fortress and palace ruin situated in the central Matale District of Sri Lanka, surrounded by the remains of an extensive network of gardens, reservoirs, and other structures. A popular tourist destination, Sigiriya is also renowned for its ancient paintings (frescos), which are reminiscent of the Ajanta Caves of India. The Sigiriya was built during the reign of King Kassapa I (AD 477 – 495), and it is one of the seven World Heritage Sites of Sri Lanka. Sigiriya may have been inhabited through prehistoric times. It was used as a rock-shelter mountain monastery from about the 5th century BC, with caves prepared and donated by devotees to the Buddhist Sangha.

锡吉里耶（狮子的石头）是位于斯里兰卡中心的Matale区早先被毁的石堡和宫殿，它被残存的花园、蓄水池和其他建筑包围着。它是一个理性的旅游目的地，锡吉里耶也为它早期的绘画所知名，这些绘画是对印度阿旃陀石窟的回忆。锡吉里耶是在迦叶王一世主政期间（公元477——495年）修建的，它也是斯里兰卡的七个世界文化遗产之一。锡吉里耶也许在史前就有人居住了。它在公元五世纪的时候曾作为一个石头做的有着洞穴的寺庙来给僧侣使用。

8

Tower of Hercules

Spain

赫拉克勒斯灯塔（译者注：也有译作海格力斯的，我用了wiki的译名） 西班牙

The Tower of Hercules is an ancient Roman lighthouse on a peninsula about 2.4 kilometers (1.5 miles) from the centre of A Coruña, Galicia, in north-western Spain. The name Corunna is said to be derived from the ancient column. The structure is 55 meters (180 ft) tall and overlooks the North Atlantic coast of Spain. It is almost 1900 years old, was rehabilitated in 1791, and is the oldest Roman lighthouse still used as a lighthouse.

赫拉克勒斯灯塔是早先罗马在西班牙西北省份加利西亚克鲁那2.4公里（1.5英里）处修建的灯塔。克鲁那这个名字据说是衍生自以前的圆柱。这个建筑有55米（180英尺）高，还可以俯瞰西班牙的北大西洋海岸。这个灯塔有1900岁了，它在1791年的时候被修缮，而且这是最老的还在被当作灯塔使用的罗马灯塔。

7

Toruń

Poland

托伦 波兰

Toruń is a city in northern Poland, on the Vistula River. The medieval old town of Toruń is the birthplace of Nicolaus Copernicus. The first settlement in the vicinity is dated by archaeologists to 1100 BC. During medieval times, in the 7th-13th centuries, it was the location of an old Polish settlement, at a ford in the river. The Teutonic Knights built a castle in the vicinity of the Polish settlement in the years 1230-31. In 1263 Franciscan monks settled in the city, followed in 1239 by Dominicans. In 1264 the nearby New Town was founded. In 1280, the city (or as it was then, both cities) joined the mercantile Hanseatic League and was soon turned into an important medieval trade centre. As you can see from the photograph above, it is a beautiful medieval city and well worth visiting.

托伦市位于波兰的北部，毗邻维斯瓦河。这座中世纪古城是哥白尼的出生地。根据考古学家的追溯，最早的定居者在公元前1100年就来到了这里。在7世纪至13世纪的中世纪期间，在这里的河岸上是旧的波兰人的定居点。条顿军团于1230至31年间在波兰人的定居点附近修建了一个城堡。在1263年，圣方济各会的僧侣们在这个城市定居，接下来是1239多明尼会的成员。在1264年，附近的新城区建立了。在1280年，这个城市加入了汉萨商业同盟，这使得它成为了一个重要的贸易中心。正如你在照片中所见的一样，这是一个美丽而富有中世纪韵味的城市，而且值得你前去旅游。

6

Ajanta Caves

India

阿旃陀石窟 印度

The Ajanta Caves in Maharashtra, India are rock-cut cave monuments dating from the second century BC, containing paintings and sculpture considered to be masterpieces of both Buddhist religious art and universal pictorial art. By AD 480 the caves at Ajanta were abandoned. During the next 1300 years the jungle grew back and the caves were hidden, unvisited and undisturbed until the Spring of 1819 when a British officer in the Madras army entered the steep gorge on the trail of a tiger. Somehow, deep within the tangled undergrowth, he came across the almost hidden entrance to one of the caves. Exploring that first cave, long since a home to nothing more than birds and bats and a lair for other, larger, animals, Captain Smith wrote his name in pencil on one of the walls. Still faintly visible, it records his name and the date, April 1819.

阿旃陀石窟位于印度的马哈拉施特拉邦，它是建造可以追溯到公元前二世纪，在此石窟中有着绘画与雕刻反应佛教和世俗社会的杰作。到了480年，阿旃陀石窟被荒废了。在接下来的1300年中，这个洞穴被茂密的森林所隐藏，知道1819年一位英国军官在追寻老虎的踪迹的时候找到了这里。不知怎么，他在矮树丛的深处穿过了其中一个隐藏的洞口。他发现了已经作为鸟和蝙蝠居所的一号洞穴。史密斯上校在其中一面墙上用铅笔写下了他的名字。模糊的记录着他的名字和发现日期——1819年四月。

5

Valley of Flowers

India

花之谷 印度

The Valley of Flowers is an outstandingly beautiful high-altitude Himalayan valley that has been acknowledged as such by renowned mountaineers and botanists in literature for over a century and in Hindu mythology for much longer. Its ‘gentle’ landscape, breathtakingly beautiful meadows of alpine flowers and ease of access complement the rugged, mountain wilderness for which the inner basin of Nanda Devi National Park is renowned. Valley of flower is splashed with colour as it bloomed with hundreds different beautiful flowers, taking on various shades of colours as time progressed. Valley was declared a national park in 1982, and now it is a World Heritage Site. The locals, of course, always knew of the existence of the valley, and believed that it was inhabited by fairies.

花之谷是一个十分美丽的高海拔喜马拉雅山谷，它因在过去一个世纪中登山者和植物学家的作品中出现，而在印度教经典中它早就出现了。它“温和”的景色、令人窒息的美丽草甸上的花海和让人心旷神怡崎岖的山地入口都位于南达戴维国家公园盆地的腹地。花之谷因为上百种不同的花而显得多姿多彩。这个山谷在1982年成为了国家公园，现在它是世界文化遗产。当然了，当地人一直知道花之谷的存在，而且相信这是神话发生之地。

4

Metéora

曼代奥拉

The Metéora (“suspended rocks”) is one of the largest and most important complexes of Eastern Orthodox monasteries in Greece, second only to Mount Athos. The six monasteries are built on natural sandstone rock pillars, at the northwestern edge of the Plain of Thessaly near the Pineios river and Pindus Mountains, in central Greece. Access to the monasteries was originally (and deliberately) difficult, requiring either long ladders lashed together or large nets used to haul up both goods and people. This required quite a leap of faith – the ropes were replaced, so the story goes, only “when the Lord let them break”.

曼代奥拉（雄伟的岩石）是希腊最大也是最重要的东正教修道院群，它也在阿索斯山上。六个修道院在自然形成的岩石上建造而成，它位于希腊中部的塞萨利平原东北角，在Pineios河与品都斯山的附近。通往修道院的路十分难走，需要走长长的阶梯或是用大网把人和货物吊上来。这确实需要坚定的信仰——绳索已经没了，所以（爬上修道院）这个故事也就成了只有“当主让他们休息的时候”。

3

Bagan

Myanmar

Bagan is an ancient city in the Mandalay Division of Burma. Formally titled Arimaddanapura or Arimaddana (the City of the Enemy Crusher) and also known as Tambadipa (the Land of Copper) or Tassadessa (the Parched Land), it was the ancient capital of several ancient kingdoms in Burma. Bagan was submitted to become a UNESCO heritage site[1] but many speculate of politics as partly the reason for the exclusion. UNESCO does not designate Bagan as a World Heritage Site. The main reason given is that the military junta (SPDC) has haphazardly restored ancient stupas, temples and buildings, ignoring original architectural styles and using modern materials which bear little or no resemblance to the original designs. Nevertheless, this is still a must-see wonder of the world.

蒲甘是以前缅甸曼德勒地区的城市。它正是的名字是Arimaddanapura或Arimaddana（粉碎敌人之城），也被叫做Tambadipa（富铜之地）或是Tassadessa（焦土），它是缅甸以前几个王国的首都。蒲甘原本要成为联合国教科文组织的物质遗产，但很多政治的投机成为了它不能入选的理由之一。联合国教科文组织并没有指定这里为世界文化遗产主要是因为这里的军政府（SPDC）不顾原本的建筑风格而随意的修复早先的舍利塔、寺庙和其他建筑，而且在这个过程中还用了现代的材料对原本的风格造成了极大的破坏。不管怎么说，这仍是世上几个必须要去的胜地之一。

2

Leptis Magna

Libya

大莱普提斯 利比亚

Leptis Magna was a prominent city of the Roman Empire. Its ruins are located in Al Khums, Libya, 130 km east of Tripoli, on the coast where the Wadi Lebda meets the sea. The site is one of the most spectacular and unspoiled Roman ruins in the Mediterranean. The city appears to have been founded by Phoenician colonists sometime around 1100 BC, although it did not achieve prominence until Carthage became a major power in the Mediterranean Sea in the 4th century BC. It nominally remained part of Carthage’s dominions until the end of the Third Punic War in 146 BC and then became part of the Roman Republic, although from about 200 BC onward, it was for all intents and purposes an independent city.

大莱普提斯是罗马帝国一个知名的城市。它的遗址位于利比亚胡姆斯，的黎波里往东130公里的地方，那里是Wadi Lebda 的海滩。这里是地中海地区最壮观还没被破坏的罗马遗址。这个城市是在公元前1100年左右被腓尼基殖民者所建立的，不过直到迦太基人在公元前四世纪在地中海地区崛起的时候它才成为一个重要的城市。直到公元前146年第三次布匿战争之前，这里名义上都是迦太基的领地，后来罗马共和国就取而代之了。不过在公园200年之后从任何意义上说它都是一座独立的城市。

1

Library of Celsus

Turkey

塞尔瑟斯图书馆 土耳其

This is number one for strictly personal reasons. I love books, I love libraries, and this site is dedicated to knowledge (as are libraries). The library of Celsus (in Turkey) was built to store 12,000 scrolls and to serve as a monumental tomb for Celsus (who had been consul in 92 AD, governor of Asia in 115 AD, and a wealthy and popular local citizen). The building is important as one of few remaining examples of an ancient Roman-influenced library. It also shows that public libraries were built not only in Rome itself but throughout the Roman Empire. In a massive restoration which is considered to be very true to the historic building, the front façade was rebuilt and now serves as a prime example of Roman public architecture.

这里成为第一名完全是因为我个人的理由。我爱书，我爱图书馆，而且这里全是知识。这个图书馆存有12000个卷轴还是作为塞尔瑟斯的坟墓出现。这个建筑物之所以重要还是因为它是早期受罗马影响的图书馆的样本。它也展示了公共图书馆并不仅仅在罗马城出现，而也在整个罗马帝国出现，它巨大的藏书量被认为是一个有历史意义的建筑，它的前部被重建了，现在它是作为罗马公共建筑的样本出现。